Restoration of Degraded Lands in the Arid Zone of the European Part of Russia by the Method of Phytomelioration

In arid areas, it is necessary to apply phytomelioration widely create an organized, stable and ecologically well-maintained forest–agrarian landscape in which agricultural lands can provide diverse products, optimum ecologyfor the existence of a natural anthropogenic system. The aim this work select shrub herbaceous plant species for restoration degraded zone European part Russia with prospect preserving increasing productivity native biodiversity, structure dynamics pasture ecosystems. object study desert semi-desert south-east within Caspian lowland. vegetation studied largely determined by soil conditions, seasonal weather phenomena animal grazing. lowest forage characterized winter period very strongly beaten white-field-grain pastures on unsalted, weakly- medium-salted light chestnut soils; bulbous-bluegrass-white-field saline deep, medium or medium-beaten black-wormwood bulbous-bluegrass-black-wormwood small crusty salt flats. highest observed spring-summer unbroken areas weakly soils occupied white-field cereal phytocenoses. intensity transpiration perennial grasses growing sandy loam dry steppe was measured. analysis biomorphological features resistant climate change load, promising phytomeliorative reconstruction include: ecotypes genus Artemisia (A. pauciflora, A. Lercheana) Agropyron cristatum, fragile, pectinatum), various conditions Russia. It revealed that seed varieties varies 0.5–4.0 c/ha depending variety, method sowing climatic year. To increase productivity, wide-row row spacing widths 45 70 cm promising.